Mechanism of Culture
Brass Plates
Language and Writing
1. LANGUAGE
- Kessing defines language as "a vocal symbolism of speech with its related bodily gestures and mechanical signals which gives precision and finesse to communication.
- The American College Dictionary defines language as "any set or system of symbols used in more or less uniform fashion by a number of people who are thus enabled to communicate intelligently with one another."
2. Characteristics of Language
- Age
- How language came to be
- A part of culture
- Growth and development
- Symbolism
- Elements
3. Elements of Language
- Phonology - a system consisting of sounds in human speech with significant meanings. Every sound or set of sounds has a meaning.
- Grammar - the way of putting together words into a sentence according to definite rules so that a complete thought is expressed.
- Vocabulary - the meaning system of language; the collection of words of a language together with their respective significant and meaning.
4. Function of Language
- Communication
- Enculturation
- Promotion of nationalism
- Promotion of cooperation
- Promotion of peace
- Accumulation of knowledge
5. Mechanical Aids in Oral Communication
- Telephone
- Radio
- Television
- Video tape recording
- Motion picture
- Sound system
6. WRITING
- Writing is representing meaningful sound in a language by conventionalized graphic symbols.
- This was invented and underwent evolutionary process.
7. Development of Writing
- Picture Writing or Pictograph
- Hieroglyphics
- Cuneiform
- Logographic Writing
- Ideographic Writing
- Phonetic Writing
- Alphabetic Writing
- Pencil
- Pen
- Brush
- Chalk
- Stylus (ancient writing tool)
9. Mechanical Aids to Writing
- Typewriter
- Telegraph
- Printing press
- Photocopying machine
- Computer
10. Function and Importance of Writing
- Long distance communication.
- Recording and preservation of information materials.
- Mass production of information materials.
- Facilitation of learning.
11.Mechanical Aids in both Oral Communication and Writing
- Videophone
- Cellular phone
- Android phone
- Lap top computer
- Netbook
- Multimedia computer
- Tablet
- Smart TV
